TWO WAYS LED FLASHER

TWO WAYS LED FLASHER

Components

In addition to an electronic breadboard, wire links, a 9V battery and a battery clip, you will need:

QTY	PART	DESIGNATOR	NOTES	TYPE
2	22k resistors (red - red - orange)	R2, R3	1/4W, 5% or better	Resistors
2	470 ohm resistors (yellow - violet - brown)	R1, R4
2	100uF	C1, C2	Electrolytic capacitors, 16V or more Try using 47uF or 33uF capacitors to speed up the rate at which the LEDs flash	Capacitor
2	KSP2222 or PN2222	Q1, Q2	NPN transistors 2N2222, BC107, BC108 or BC109 transistors can be used in the circuit, but have a different case to the KSP2222 / 2N2222	Semiconductor
2	5mm red LED	D1, D2	Or similar LED

The required parts are shown below:

 

Circuit Diagram

 

Building the Circuit

Insert the two transistors into the breadboard with the flat face pointing down as shown in the photo. Use wire links to connect the emitter of each transistor to the bottom rail. Get the two LEDs and the two 470 ohm resistors ready.

 

Connect one end of a 470 ohm resistor to the collector of each transistor. Connect the other end of the resistor to a tie point on the other side of the breadboard centre channel.

Connect an LED to each resistor as shown below. The anode of each LED is to be connected to the top rail of the breadboard.

Get the two 22k ohm resistors and two wire links ready.

 

Connect the two 22k resistors across the middle channel of the breadboard. Connect the top lead of each 22k resistor to the top rail of the breadboard using a wire link.

Get the two 100uF capacitors ready.

 

Insert the capacitors with the positive lead of each capacitor on the collector of its corresponding transistor. Connect the negative lead of each capacitor to its corresponding 22k resistor.

Get two wire links ready.

 

Use wire links to connect the base (middle pin) of each transistor to the negative lead of each opposite capacitor.

Power up the circuit using a 9V battery.

Source: Starting electronics