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Showing posts with label Physics Experiment. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Physics Experiment. Show all posts
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Sunday, December 28, 2014

ភ្លើងលោតប្រដេញគ្នា [Automatic Running LED]

ភ្លើងលោតប្រដេញគ្នា

១. វត្ថុបំណង
បង្ហាញឲ្យឃើញពីភាពភ្លឺប្រដេញគ្នានៃអំពូលទាំងអស់នៅក្នុងសៀគ្វី។
២. សៀគ្វី និងគ្រឿងបរិក្ខា
·         រេស៊ីស្តរ​ 33k ចំនួនមួយគ្រាប់
·         រេស៊ីស្តរ 100 អូមចំនួនមួយគ្រាប់
·         អ៊ីសេចំនួនពីគ្រាប់គឺ IC7555 និង IC4017
·         កុងដង់សាទ័រ៣គ្រាប់ដែលមានតម្លៃរៀងគ្នាគឺ  1, 2, 4.7,...(គិតជាមីក្រូហ្វារ៉ាត់)
·         អំពូលឌីយ៉ូតចំរុះពណ៍ចំនួន11ួយគ្រាប់្រាប់ដីរគ្រាប់ដគ្រាប់
·         ខ្សែចម្លងមួយចំនួន និង ប្រភពជនិតាចរន្តជាប់(ថ្មពិល)ដែលមានតង់ស្យុង 9V
៣. ដំណើរការពិសោធន៍
·         យើងប្រើប្រាស់អ៊ីសេ IC7555មួយដែលមានជើង4និង IC4017ដែលមានជើងទាំងអស់ចំនួន 16
·         ជើងលេខ 3 របស់ IC7555ត្រូវបានតភ្ជាប់ទៅជើងលេខ​ 14 ​​របស់ IC4017
·         ជើងលេខ 8, 13, 15 របស់ IC4017 និងជើងលេខ 1 របស់ IC7555 ត្រូវបានភ្ជាប់ដោយផ្ទាល់ទៅកាន់ម៉ាស់។
·         ជើងលេខ 16 របស់ IC4017 និងជើងលេខ 4, 8 របស់ IC7555 ត្រូវបានភ្ជាប់ដោយផ្ទាល់ទៅកាន់ +Vcc
·         ចំពោះអ៊ីសេ IC4017 មានៈ
F ជើងលេខ 3 ភ្ជាប់ទៅកាន់ D6
F ជើងលេខ 2, jf់ទៅកាន់ឌាល់ទៅកាន់មកាន់ម៉ាស់11 ភ្ជាប់រួមគ្នាទៅកាន់ D5 និង D7
F ជើងលេខ 4, jf់ទៅកាន់ឌាល់ទៅកាន់មកាន់ម៉ាស់9 ភ្ជាប់រួមគ្នាទៅកាន់ D4 និង D8
F ជើងលេខ 7, jf់ទៅកាន់ឌាល់ទៅកាន់មកាន់ម៉ាស់6 ភ្ជាប់រួមគ្នាទៅកាន់ D3 និង D9
F ជើងលេខ 5, jf់ទៅកាន់ឌាល់ទៅកាន់មកាន់ម៉ាស់10 ភ្ជាប់រួមគ្នាទៅកាន់ D2 និង D10
F 0ង ្នាជើងលេខ 1 ភ្ជាប់ទៅកាន់ D1 និង D11 រួមគ្នា
ជាចុងក្រោយ LED ទាំងអស់ (D1-D11) ត្រូវបានភ្ជាប់រួមគ្នាទៅកាន់រេស៊ីស្តរមួយដែលមានតម្លៃ 100អូម 
រួចហើយភ្ជាប់ទៅកាន់ម៉ាស់។
៤. លទ្ធផលពិសោធន៍
តាមរយៈការពិសោធន៍ បានបង្ហាញអោយឃើញថាអំពូល LED ទាំងអស់បញ្ចេញពន្លឺ ដែលពន្លឺមានលក្ខណៈឆ្លាស់គ្នា រត់ពីក្រៅទៅក្នុង(ពីអំពូលដែលនៅផ្នែកសងខាង ទៅអំពូលដែលនៅកណ្តាល)។
៥. ការសន្និដ្ឋាន

យើងអាចបង្កើតនូវសៀគ្វីដែលបង្កើតបានជាភ្លើងរត់ប្រដេញគ្នា។ យើងអាចកំណត់ល្បឿននៃការរត់នេះដោយធ្វើការផ្លាស់ប្តូរកុងដង់សាទ័រដែលមានកាប៉ាស៊ីតេផ្សេងគ្នា។ អាស្រ័យដោយភាពរត់ឆ្លាស់គ្នានៃពន្លឺនេះ គេអាចយកវាទៅច្នៃជាឧបករណ៍សម្រាប់លម្អរផ្សេងៗក្នុងពេលរាត្រី ដូចជានៅតាមភោជនីយដ្ឋាន រង្គស្សាល ឬនៅតាមវត្តអារាមផងដែរ។

ចុចទីនេះ ដើម្បីមើលវីដេអូនៃលទ្ធផលពិសោធន៍

Friday, December 5, 2014

ANIMAL SCARIER CIRCUIT

ANIMAL SCARIER CIRCUIT

Here is a solar powered Flasher to scare away the nocturnal animals like bats and cats from the farm yard or premises of the house. The brilliant multicolored flashes confuse these animals and they avoid the hostile situation. It is fully automatic, turns on in the evening and turns off in the morning.

The circuit has an LDR controlled oscillator built around the Binary counter IC CD 4060.The functioning of the IC is controlled through its reset pin 12. During day time, LDR conducts and keeps the reset pin of IC high so that it remains dormant. During night, LDR cease to conduct and the reset pin will be grounded through VR1. This triggers the IC and it stats oscillating using the components C1 and VR2. Output pins 7, 5 and 4 are used to power the LEDs strings.

VR1 adjusts the sensitivity of LDR and VR2, the flashing rate of LEDs. High bright Red, Blue and White LEDs are used in the circuit to give brilliant flashes. Red LEDs flash very fast, followed by blue and then White. White LEDs remains on for few seconds and provide light to a confined area. More LEDs can be added in the strings if desired. The circuit can also function with 12 volt DC.

Animal Repellent Circuit Diagram

Solar Powered Animal Scarer

The circuit uses a solar powered battery power supply. During daytime, battery charges through R1 and D1.Green LED indicates the charging mode. During night time current from the solar cell decreases and D1 reverse biases. At the same time D2 forward biases to provide power to the circuit. Resistor R1 restricts the charging current and the high value capacitor C1 is a buffer for current.

Animal Scarer Solar Power Supply

Solar Powered Animal Scarer
(Video is available soon)

Saturday, November 22, 2014

Random Flasher for 8-LED

Random Flasher for 8 LEDs Project
    This project flashes eight LEDs in an apparently random manner. It uses a 4026 combined counter and display driver IC which is designed for driving 7-segment LED displays. The sequence is not really random because seven of the LEDs would normally be the display segments, the eighth LED is driven by an output that is normally used for driving further counters. The table below shows the sequence for the LEDs. You can use less than eight LEDs if you wish and the table may help you decide which ones to use for your purpose. Resistors are not required for the LEDs because the 4026 IC limits the current to about 5mA for each one.
     Parts Required
                • resistors: 10k, 47k                           • 555 timer IC
                • capacitor: 1µF 16V radial               • 4026 counter and display driver IC
                • LEDs ×8 (any colour)                       • DIL sockets for ICs: 8-pin, 16-pin
                • battery snap for 9V PP3                  • stripboard: 16 rows × 14 holes

Source: Electronicclub

Sunday, November 9, 2014

TWO WAYS LED FLASHER


TWO WAYS LED FLASHER

Components

In addition to an electronic breadboard, wire links, a 9V battery and a battery clip, you will need:
QTYPARTDESIGNATORNOTESTYPE
222k resistors (red - red - orange)R2, R31/4W, 5% or betterResistors
2470 ohm resistors (yellow - violet - brown)R1, R4
2100uFC1, C2Electrolytic capacitors, 16V or more

Try using 47uF or 33uF capacitors to speed up the rate at which the LEDs flash
Capacitor
2KSP2222 or PN2222Q1, Q2NPN transistors

2N2222, BC107, BC108 or BC109 transistors can be used in the circuit, but have a different case to the KSP2222 / 2N2222
Semiconductor
25mm red LEDD1, D2Or similar LED

The required parts are shown below:

Components for the dual LED flasher circuit 


Circuit Diagram


Dual LED flasher circuit diagram 

Building the Circuit

Insert the two transistors into the breadboard with the flat face pointing down as shown in the photo. Use wire links to connect the emitter of each transistor to the bottom rail. Get the two LEDs and the two 470 ohm resistors ready.

Step1 


Connect one end of a 470 ohm resistor to the collector of each transistor. Connect the other end of the resistor to a tie point on the other side of the breadboard centre channel.
Connect an LED to each resistor as shown below. The anode of each LED is to be connected to the top rail of the breadboard.
Get the two 22k ohm resistors and two wire links ready.

Step2 


Connect the two 22k resistors across the middle channel of the breadboard. Connect the top lead of each 22k resistor to the top rail of the breadboard using a wire link.
Get the two 100uF capacitors ready.

Step3 


Insert the capacitors with the positive lead of each capacitor on the collector of its corresponding transistor. Connect the negative lead of each capacitor to its corresponding 22k resistor.
Get two wire links ready.

Step4 


Use wire links to connect the base (middle pin) of each transistor to the negative lead of each opposite capacitor.
Power up the circuit using a 9V battery.
Step5